An assessment of career development policy options: a comparative study

A research paper submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Policy

Victoria University of Wellington 2001
By Nerissa Lee Smith

Abstract

Career development policy is increasingly being seen as a tool for supporting people in changing societies which are characterised by flexible labour markets, less employment stability, global economies and the need for lifelong learning. This paper draws on the international literature to explore how the career development policy framework in New Zealand can be enhanced.

The paper explores the role of government and the role of the market in the provision of career development services. In addition, theoretical influences on New Zealand policy that impacted on career development provision are reviewed. The paper also looks at the social and economic benefits of career development and its role in enhancing social equity.

The career development policies and practices of a number of countries from North America, Europe, the United Kingdom and Australia are reviewed. Six policy options are drawn from these examples and analysed against a set of criteria as possible options for New Zealand. The options include: integrating career education into the school curriculum and requiring career education in post-compulsory education; strengthening accountability arrangements; registration and accreditation of providers; providing incentives for the development of a professional sector; establishing a national career development body; and funding an education campaign to raise awareness. Of these, the first three options are recommended for further consideration.

This paper also makes recommendations for future research in the area of evaluating social and economic outcomes of career development provision, investigating linkages between career development and related policy areas and researching the merits of different policy approaches.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank all those people who helped and supported me in the writing of this research paper.

I would like to thank my employer Career Services, and especially my boss, Graham Baker, for his support and willingness to accommodate my leave requirements. Thank you to Lester Oakes for his assistance with providing contacts and other useful material, and to Terry Hughes for his assistance with technology in the final stages of preparing this paper.

I would also like to thank my supervisor, Karen Baehler, for her support and helpful comments and willingness to read drafts under tight timelines.

Particular thanks go to all the people from various countries who responded so promptly and enthusiastically to my requests for information. It was a pleasure to have made contact with you all.

I would also like to thank my parents, family and friends for being so supportive over this time. In particular, Ben, for his comments on drafts, but more importantly for his patience and understanding.